Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes symptoms such as sneezing, congestion, and a sore throat. Pollen, pet dander, and mold can cause it.

Causes

Allergic rhinitis occurs when the immune system overreacts to airborne allergens, leading to inflammation of the nasal passages. Common triggers include:

• Pollen: From trees, grasses, and weeds, often causing seasonal symptoms.
• Dust mites: Microscopic organisms found in household dust.
• Pet dander: Skin flakes from animals such as cats and dogs.
• Mold spores: Fungi that thrive in damp environments.
• Cockroach droppings: Particles from cockroaches present in some homes.

Symptoms

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis can vary in severity and may include:

• Sneezing
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Itchy nose, eyes, or throat
• Watery, red, or swollen eyes
• Postnasal drip
• Cough
• Fatigue

These symptoms significantly impact daily activities and quality of life.

Treatment Options

Managing allergic rhinitis involves a combination of avoiding allergens, medications, and, in some cases, immunotherapy:

1. Avoidance: Identifying and minimizing exposure to allergens is crucial. This may involve using air purifiers, keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons, and regularly cleaning living spaces to reduce dust and mold.
2. Medications:
   • Antihistamines: Reduce sneezing, itching, and a runny nose.
   • Decongestants: Alleviate nasal congestion.
   • Nasal corticosteroids: Reduce inflammation and are effective in treating nasal symptoms.
   • Leukotriene receptor antagonists: Block chemicals that cause allergic reactions.
3. Allergy Immunotherapy:  A long-term treatment that helps retrain your immune system to become less sensitive to allergens — reducing symptoms over time and potentially preventing new allergies from developing. It works by gradually introducing small, controlled doses of allergens (allergy shots or sublingual allergy drops) to build tolerance and reduce your body’s reactions.

 At ENT and Allergy Specialists, we exclusively offer sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) — allergy drops placed under the tongue — as a convenient, needle-free alternative to traditional allergy shots. SLIT allows patients to treat their allergies safely at home and is a proven, effective option for those with moderate to severe allergy symptoms. Our team will work with you to accurately diagnose your allergies and create a personalized treatment plan to help you find long-term relief.